Technical and operational risks

"To date, technical limitations and vulnerabilities are present in most generative AI models in various contexts. Consequently, malicious users find it easier to breach an AI system’s safety and ethical guardrails to execute harmful actions.223 Normal user behavior—actions within an AI system’s intended use—can also lead to harmful outcomes. Whether these harmful outcomes result from normal or malicious use, they stem from the inherent limitations of current technology, which future advancements may overcome. This section examines the technical vulnerabilities that can affect AI models, the tendency of generative AI models to generate inaccurate information, and the inherent opacity of these AI systems, which complicates the understanding and mitigation of these difficulties."